The total floor area of a building measured from the exterior walls, including all enclosed spaces such as mechanical rooms, stairwells, lobbies, and common areas, before any deductions.
Gross building area (GBA) is the broadest measurement of a building's size and is used in construction cost estimating, property tax assessments, and building permits. It differs from rentable area (which excludes certain vertical penetrations and major mechanical spaces) and from usable area (the space tenants actually occupy). GBA is rarely the basis for lease rent calculations, but it sets the outer boundary from which other measurements are derived. Understanding the relationship between GBA, rentable area, and usable area is essential for verifying the accuracy of a building's stated square footage during due diligence.
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